1. judgment pluck: draw conclusions.

2. have astronomy: i.e., have mastered astrology.

3. tell of: accurately predict.

4. seasons' quality: i.e., the seasonal weather, such as a wet Spring, or a hot Summer.

5. fortune to brief minutes tell: predict the course of events down to the last minute.

6. 'Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind: appointing to each (minute) its thunder, rain and wind.

8. oft predict: frequent signs and omens.

10-11. in them I read such art / As truth and beauty shall together thrive: i.e., in your eyes I can see a creative power which promises to produce both truth and beauty.

12. If from thyself to store thou wouldst convert: i.e., if you would change from being only yourself to producing plenty of children.

14. doom and date: destruction and expiration date.